This article is devoted to the history of Karachais and Balkars. The ancestors of the Balkars and Karachais were the Caucasian Alans, Bulgars, Khazars and Qipchaqs. The Karachays lived on both Baksan and the Kuban. Relocation to the Kuban occurred in the middle of the XVII century. Relations between Karachays and Ossetians were characterized by good neighborly relations. Relations with Kabarda were allied, the Karachai and Balkar taubiys were tributaries of the Kabardian pshi. Some Kabardian pshi found shelter among the Balkars.

This paper is devoted to the political history of Dagestan in the system of international relations of the Caucasus region in the XV-XVIII centuries. Caucasian Tyumen was a fragment of the Big Horde, here the Murtaza, also a descendant of Kutlug-Timur, found it. Shamxalate outlived its prosperity in the second half of the XVI century: it successfully restrained the onslauRt of Moscow expansion to the south and actively intervened in Safavid affairs. Relations with the Turkic-Tatar states were the most important for the Kumyk principalities. Thanks to allied relations with the Crimean Rerays, the Kumyks could restrain the expansion of Russians and Cossacks to the south.

Our work is the story about an idealist Turkish Georgian Shalva Tevzadze, who made history. Unfortunately, the less people know about him. Turkey, Sweden, Soviet and post-Soviet Georgia cross each other in his biography. His life includes interesting facts, he was not the viewer, but was participant. His life has reflected political and social events which defined his future.

The paper discusses and analyzes some of the issues related to Georgian statehood and its problems in some articles and books published abroad by immigrants from Georgia. It is mainly based on the "National unity" of prominent immigrant national figures, published in 1937 in Paris, books and publications of G. Nozadze, I. Mantskawa, A.I. Asatiani, N. Jordania, C. Gvazava, Sh. Odysharia as well as other historical material printed in Paris, Washington and Tbilisi. The analysis of this materials provides a new understanding of the vision of some of the most famous historical events, including the new mission of the modern Russian state.