Most part of Tbilisi depression, located between Mukhatgverdi gorge (Zemo Avchala) and the eastern edge (Ponichala) of Teleti range is created in Quaternary period due to erosion-accumulation processes of the Mtkvari River. Witness of it is the fact of location of stepped terraces of the Mtkvari River of different ages within the boundaries of the noted depression. In Tbilisi depression the most ancient terrace of Lower Quaternary era is remained as a flat top of Mount Makhata (628 m), which is located at 160-180 m above sea level from the Mtkvari river-bed and is covered with alluvium of the same river.

Based on the use of the paleogeographical analogy method, is expressed the consideration that as a result of global warming in condition of permanent rise of sea level, by the end of XXI century the sea will cover the Georgian coastal terrain within 200-300 m from the modern coastline zone.

In the beginning of the Old Black Sea Phase (8500-9000 years ago), the Black Sea coastline was located 30-40 meters lower than the contemporary coastline. The 10100-10500 years old sediments of continental genesis have been recorded at a depth of 40-45 m on the underwater slope.

The results of a study of clay sediments containing of large amount of organic material developed from the bottom surface to a depth of 10 m using lithological, lithographic, and radiocarbon methods, give an idea of the history of Paliastomi Lake (located in the Republic of Georgia, on the Black Sea coast).
The area around the Paliastomi Lake, 6000-8000 years ago, was occupied by the sea bay, which was developed as a result of the development of the Flandrian transgression of the ocean. To the end of the Flandrian transgression, the bay began to be filled with alluvial-proluvial and swampy sediments. About 6000-6500 years ago the reduced part of the bay was occupied by a freshwater lake.
Over the past 6000 years, under the conditions of slight oscillations of sea level, the hydro and morphodynamics of the Paliastomi Lake have remained almost unchanged.