From the 4th millennium BC in the Caucasus region, the development and distribution of arsenic alloys on a copper basis, as well as jewelry and household items made from arsenic bronze, have been noted. Copper-arsenic alloys are leading in the metallurgical system of the Early Bronze Age of the Caucasus (second half of the 4th millennium - the first half of the 3rd millennium BC).

For many years number of archaeologists have conducted archaeological works in Shida Kartli. Lot of scholars were interested in the monuments discovered here, but the investigation materials still are not fully published. Sergo Nadimashvili, the director of Gori historical-ethnographic museum, who was well familiar with the antiquities of this region, played a decisive role in the study of archaeological sites of the Shida Kartli.

In the first half of 20th century, scientific schools and ideology had some Impact on the development of archaeology. During this period, there were several directions in archaeology. Theories of migration and Diffusion in Western scientific circles, but theories of Evolution and stability were prevalent in the Soviet Union. In Germany was predominated the archaeological method of the "Old settlement" by Gustav Kosina. According to this method, the old settlements by their location were associated with the living environment of ethnic groups. The second direction, which was also actual among the western scientists, was theory of Diffusion, geographical distribution of cultural events.

In the following article we overview farming traditions of early agricultural society (from Neolithic to Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age) of the western Georgia. We discuss tools used for farming process, such as obsidian and flint blades, sickle blades, grinding stones, bone and antler tools and results of interdisciplinary studies of the sites and tools.